ONE-YEAR ADVANCED POST GRADUATE DIPLOMA IN CRIMINAL LAW AND FORENSIC SCIENCE

 

SEMESTER 2:-

 
1.2.4. Introduction to Forensic Science & Forensic Physical Sciences:
UNIT I - History of Scientific Investigation, Physical Evidence & Crime Scene Processing :
  • History & Development of Forensic Science
  • Development of Forensic Science in India
  • Forensic Science Institutions at State & Regional Levels      
  • Physical Evidence & its role in Crime Investigation
  • Crime Scene Processing
  • Principles & Laws governing Forensic Science
  • Handling of Physical Evidence
  • Packaging and Labeling Evidence
  • Chain of Custody of Evidence
  • Checklist of physical evidence – crime wise
  • Checklist of physical evidence – FSL section wise
UNIT II – Fingerprints & Track Marks
  • Historical Perspective
  • Terminology
  • Fingerprint Patterns
  • Taking of Fingerprints
  • Taking of Palm & Sole Prints
  • Taking of Fingerprints of Dead bodies
  • Role of fingerprints in Disaster Victim Identification
  • Purpose of Taking fingerprints
  • Fingerprints at the Scene of Crime
  • Expert at the Scene of Crime
  • Fingerprint Photography
  • Comparison of Fingerprints
  • Thumb impression on Documents
  • Comparison of Fingerprints using Modern Technology
  • Role of Fingerprints ion Biometrics
  • Forgery of Fingerprints
  • Dissimilarities in Identical Fingerprints
  • Law relating to Fingerprints
  • Footprints
  • Footwear marks
  • Hoof marks & Paw marks
  • Gait pattern
  • Tyre Impressions
  • Skid Marks
 
UNIT III – Questioned Documents
  • Introduction
  • Scope of Document Examination
  • Different types of Cases
  • Different types of Questioned documents
  • Examination of writings/signatures/initials
  • Forgeries and their Detection 5.6 – Different types of Tampering
  • Other types of Examinations
  • Instruments
  • Photography
  • Handling & Preservation of Documents
  • Glossary
  • References
UNIT IV – Ballistics
  • Introduction
  • Classification of Ballistics
  • Firearms
  • Ammunition
  • Mechanism of Firing
  • Identification of Firearms
  • Bullet Identification
  • Direction of Fire
  • Range of Fire
  • Detection of residues on hands
  • Gunshot Residue
  • Determining the range of firing by studying the GSR pattern
  • Entrance & Exit Wounds
  • Handling, Collection & Preservation of Evidence
  • Nature of Evidence received by Ballistics Section
  • 6.Precautions & Guidelines.
UNIT V – Forensic Physics
  • Introduction
  • Glass
  • Paint
  • Soil, Dirt & Dust
  • Restoration of Obliterated marks
  • Tool Marks
  • Spurious Articles
  • Counterfeit Currency
 
1.2.5. Forensic Chemical and General Science:
 
UNIT I – Forensic Chemistry & Explosives
  • Introduction
  • Analysis of Alcohol used in Liquors/Drinks
  • Adulteration of Petroleum Products
  • Cement, Mortar & Concrete 
  • Fire Investigation 
  • Oils & Fats 
  • Acids & Alkalis 
  • Examination of Chemicals used in Trap Cases
  • Introduction and Origin of Explosives
  • Development
  • Composition of Explosives
  • Classification of Explosives
  • Improvised Explosive Device
  • Explosions
  • Explosive Train
  • Effects of Explosion
  • Explosion Scene Investigation
  • Collection and types of Physical Evidence
  • Laboratory Analysis of Explosives
  • Instrumental Analysis
  • Contamination Control
UNIT II – Toxicology & Narcotics
  • Introduction
  • Classification of Poisons
  • Scope
  • Categories
  • Gaseous and Volatile Poisons
  • Inorganic Poisons (Metallic & Anions)
  • Neutral Poisons (Organic Non-volatile)
  • Basic Drugs/Poisons (Organic Non-volatile)
  • Acidic Drugs/Poisons (Organic Non-volatile)
  • Miscellaneous Poisons
  • Introduction to Narcotics
  • Opium/Morphine/Heroin Compounds
  • Cannabis
  • Benzodiazepines
  • Barbiturates
UNIT III –Forensic Engineering & Failure Analysis
  • Introduction
  • Failure Mechanisms (Types of Failures)
  • Failures in Electrical Fields
  • Failures of Metallic Orthopaedic Implants 
  • Electrical Component Failures 
  • Failure Analysis of Integrated Circuits
  • Some Typical Failure Investigations 
  • Investigation into Accidents
  • Structural Failure involving Civil Construction Material 
  • Video Authentication
  • Forensic Speaker Identification 
UNIT IV – Cyber Forensics and Multi Media Forensics
  • Introduction
  • Definition & Scope
  • Nature of Crimes
  • IT Law
  • Physical Evidence
  • Search & Seizure of Computers
  • Common mistakes committed by the IOs
  • Checklist for Typical Crimes
  • Current Challenges in Cyber Forensics
  • Anti-Forensics
  • Areas of Research
  • Glossary
UNIT V – Experrt Testimony, Quality Assurance & Forensic Phychology
  • Introduction
  • Expert Witnesses
  • Report
  • The Court                               
  • Introduction to Quality Assurance
  • The Quality System
  • The Quality Manual
  •  Internal Audit Program
  •  Accreditation
  • Introduction to Forensic Psychology
  • Psychology gets a new branch 
  • Criminal Profiling Facts vs. Fiction
  • A short history of Criminal Profiling
  • FBI Crime Scene Analysis 
  • Investigative Psychology: The Canter Approach 
  • Polygraph/Lie-detector
 
1.2.6. Forensic Medicine, Biology & DNA:
UNIT I – Forensic Medicine, Human Anatomy & Physiology
  • Introduction
  • Role of Medico-Legal Expert in Crime Investigation
  • Scope of the Services
  • Introduction to Human Anatomy & Physiology
  • Terminology
  • Structure of the Body
  • Human Skeleton 
  • Vital Systems of the Body 
UNIT II – Identification of the Living and Dead & Post-Mortem Changes
  • Definition
  • Data Useful for Identification
  • Introduction to Post-Mortem changes
  • Immediate Signs of Death
  • Early Signs of Death 
  • Late Signs of Death 
  • Post-mortem Interval  
UNIT III –Injuries, Wounds, Medicolegal aspects of injuries, Asphyxial deaths & Sexual Offences
  • Definitions
  • Classification             
  • Introduction to Medicolegal aspects of injuries
  • Causes of Death from Wounds
  • Nature of the Injury 
  • Mode of Death 
  • Volitional Acts after Injury
  • Sequence of Injuries
  • Period of Survival
  • Relative position of the assailant and the victim
  • Gravity of Injuries
  • Novus Actus Interveniens
  • Burns
  • Traffic Accidents
  • Railway Injuries
  • Aircraft Injuries
  • Blast Injuries
  • Bomb Injuries
  • Barotraumas
  • Asphyxia 
  • General Features 
  • Types of Asphyxial Deaths 
  • Hanging 
  • Strangulation
  • Throttling 
  • Drowning 
  • Suffocation 
  • Sexual Asphyxias                                                   
  • Classification of Sexual Offences
  • Guidelines for Investigation
  • Rape
  • Unnatural Sexual Offences
UNIT IV - Forensic Serology & DNA
  • Definition & Scope                                     
  • Blood
  • Examination of Other (Body) Physiological Fluids
  • Seminal Stains 
  • Examination of Saliva Stains
  • Examination of Urine Stains
  • Examination of Faecal Stains
  • Examination of Milk Stains
  • Human Body Remnants Examination
  • Guidelines for Sample Collection
  • History & Introduction of DNA Fingerprinting
  • History to DNA Fingerprinting
  • DNA Techniques used in Forensic Investigations
  • DNA Profiling in Investigations
  • STR Loci commonly used in DNA Typing
  • Practical Applications of Forensic DNA Fingerprinting
UNIT V – Forensic Biology, Archaeology, Forensic Anthropology & Forensic Odontology 
  • Definition & Scope
  • Hair
  • Fibres
  • Diatoms
  • Plant Material
  • Forensic Entomology
  • Forensic Craniometry
  • Guidelines for Sample Collection
  • History of Forensic Archaeology
  • Basic Principles
  • Archaeology in Forensic Science
  • Types of Physical Evidence & Cases
  • Method of Analysis                         
  • History & Introduction of Forensic Anthropology
  • Types of Physical Evidence & Cases
  • Method of Analysis
  • Cause & Manner of Death
  • Burnt Bones
  • Specialist Techniques                   
  • History & Introduction of Forensic Odontology
  • Human Dentition
  • Types of Physical Evidence & Cases
  • Method of Analysis
  • Mass Disasters
  • Bite Mark

Course Coordinator

  
 Dr.K.V.K.Santhy
 Associate Professor
 NALSAR University of Law
  Ph : +9140 – 23498213
 

Administrative Contact

 

Ms. K. Madhuri
Assistant Registrar
Ph : +9140 – 23498402
Email : ddeadmissions@nalsar.ac.in

Ms. G. Usha Devi
Junior Assistant
Ph : +9140 – 23498404
Email : nalsarpro@nalsar.ac.in

Mr. B. Vijay Kumar
Record Assistant
Ph : +9140 – 23498404
Email : nalsarpro@nalsar.ac.in

Postal Address

NALSAR Proximate Education

Directorate of Distance Education
NALSAR University of Law
Justice City, Shameerpet, Medchal District,
Hyderabad - 500101, Telangana, India.
Ph : +9140 – 23498404;Fax: +91 40 23498403

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